tutorial-3-industry-practices-and-tools-2

Tutorial 3 (INDUSTRY PRACTICES AND TOOLS 2)

When you first think about becoming a software developer, you probably have dreams of creating exciting new features, playing with new technologies, and writing some really cool and interesting code.

Coding is the ability to design, write, test, implement and maintain a computer programmer’s source code. In order to develop quality code, a programmer must have a good amount of experience in programming and they need to be capable of overcoming problems that come with programming.

Creating good quality code is important mainly because it will then result in the software being more durable and much easier to use and can be maintained with greater ease. ... There are different factors that can improve the quality of code such as reliability, portability, robustness and maintainability.

Good quality code is that is clear, simple and concise that can be fully maintained which is efficient.

There are many things that can make your code of good quality such as correctness, no DRY(Don’t Repeat Yourself), Simple, a Proper algorithm with simple steps.

Ain things about code quality are –

Efficiency- It’s covers a variety of things such as the reliability and speed being two examples.

--Remove unnecessary code.

--Make use of optimal memory

--Use the best data types, variable and key words.

Usability - When program is more usable it  focuses on the user and how easy and effectively the program can be used in particular ways.

Portability- We can code across different systems and OS.

Great Developer Write maintainable Code They write good , clean code that can be easily understood, modified, and maintained.

Maintainability – Maintenance of the program is made better and easier if the program has things like comments and suitable variable names.

Measuring Code Quality with Test Coverage Metrics. Regular Code Reviews/Functional Testing Clear Requirements.

Software quality is to use the received results for planning the budget and schedule, estimating costs, testing and QA, debugging.

A set of metrics include the following methods-

Algorithms analysis,

Number of code lines,

The complexity of a software,

Functional points analysis,

Level of testing.

Number of classes and interfaces.

Why they are extremely using these methods?

Productivity depends on the time you spend on tasks and other in house activities, To track and increase productivity managers use metrics identifying and prioritizing emerging issues.

Can use metrics to communicate an issue, report a progress of a project and improve their workflow. And also can take the decisions during a development process

Metrics---

Agile Metrics

Security Responses Metrics

Size-Oriented Measurements

Function Oriented Methods

QA metrics

Code Review is nothing but testing the Source Code. Generally , it is used to find out the bugs at early stages of the development of software.

With this code review the quality of the software gets improved and the bugs/errors in the program code decrease.

Best Code Review tools in the Market.

Collaborator- See code changes, identify defects, and make comments on specific lines. Customer review templates are unique to collaborator. Build custom review reports to drive process improvement and make auditing easy.

Review Assistant-----

• Flexible code reviews
• Discussions in code
• Iterative review with defect fixing
• Team Foundation Server integration
• Flexible email notifications

Codebrag----

Is a simple light-weight, free and open source code review tool which makes the review entertaining and structured.

Codebrag is used to solve issues like non-blocking code review, inline comments & likes smart email notifications etc.

Gerrit- gerrit is a free web-based code review tool used by the software developers to review their code on a web-browser and reject or approve the changes.

Gerrit Provides repository management for Git..

Is also used in discussing a few detailed segments of the code and enhancing the right changes to be made.

Codestriker-------- is an open source and free online code reviewing web application. Using that can record the issues, comments and decisions in a database which can be further used for code inspections.

Veracode- is used by the developers in creating secured software by scaning the binary code or byte code in place of source code.

Can review a large amount of code and returns the results immediately.

Review Board

Barkeep/Code review Tool/Reviewable/Peer Review Plugin.

Top static analysis tools for java,C++,C# and python:

Veracode

RIPS Technologies

PVS-Studio

Kiuwan

Kritika

Gamma

Code Compare

Package manager----

Package manager or package management system is a collection of software tools that automates the process of installing, upgrading configuring, and removing computer programs for a computer’s OS

Package managers are designed to eliminate the need for manual installs and updates.

Package managers are designed to eliminate the need for manual installs and updates This can be useful for large enterprises whose OS are based on LINUX and UNIX systems.

Dependency is a broad software engineering term used to refer when a piece of software relies on another one.

Dependency checking is a function that is performed to ensure that all pre-requisites for a given run-time images are present. Dependency checking software makes it possible to verify that all components.

Dependencies may be checked in a pre-defined order if one component relies on the next for operations.\this may make it evident where the code would break down upon execution.

Dependency management tools move the responsibility of managing third party libraries from the code repository to the automated build. Typically dependency management  tools use single file to declare all library dependencies , making it much easier to see all libraries and their versions at once

Package management system is a collection of software tools that automates the process of installing , upgrading , configuring and removing computer programs for comport operating system in consistent manner.

            Package manager deals with packages, distributions of software and data in archive files. Packages contain metadata such as the software name, description of its purpose, version number , vendor and a list of dependencies necessary for the  software run properly.

Package manager are designed to eliminate the need for manual install and updates. This can be useful for large enterprises whose operating system are based on Linux and other Unix-like systems

Build tools are programs that automate the creation of executable application from source code. Building incorporates compiling , inking and packaging  the code into usable or executable form. In small projects , developers will often manually invoke the build process. This isn’t practical for large projects where its very hard to keep track of what need to be build  in what sequence and what dependencies there are in building process. Using an automated tool allows the build process to be more consistence

Build automation is the process of automating the creation of a software build and the associated processes including compiling computer source code into binary code.

Build –automation servers------

On-demand automation such as a user running a script at the command line.

Scheduled automation such as a continuous integration server running a nightly build.

Triggered automation such as a continuous integration server running a build on every commit to a version –control system.

Add sara- compiling binary code, and running automated tests.

Advantages of build automation to software development projects ------

Eliminate dependencies on key personal

 Eliminate redundant tasks.

Accelerate the compile and link processing

Improve product quality

Minimize bad builds

Save time and money

Build tools are programs that automate the creation of executable applications from source code. Building incorporates compiling, linking and packaging the code into a usable or executable form.

JAVA BUILD TOOLS

Ant/Ivy ,Maven ,Gradle ,Sbt ,MSBuild

•In small projects, developers will often manually invoke the build process. This is not practical for larger projects, where it is very hard to keep track of what needs to be built, in what sequence and what dependencies there are in the building process. Using an automation tool allows the build process to be more consistent.

Ant with lvy---

Ant was the first among modern build tools. In many aspects it is similar to make. It has very low learning curve thus allowing anyone to start using it without any special preparation.

BUILD LIFECYCLE

•A Build Lifecycle is a well-defined sequence of phases, which define the order in which the goals are to be executed

•The primary(default) life cycle of Maven is used to build the application, using 23 phases

• Validate

•Initialize

• Generate-sources

• Compile

• Generate-test-sources

•Maven uses Convention over Configuration, which means developers are not required to create build process themselves. •Developers do not have to mention each and every configuration detail. Maven provides sensible default behavior for projects

Manage packages with Maven

•Maven is a multi-purpose tool

•Making the build process easy

•Providing a uniform build system

•Providing quality project information

•Providing guidelines for best practices development

•Allowing transparent migration to new features

Convention Over configuration is a software design paradigm used by software framework that attempts to reduce number of decisions that a developer using the framework is required to make without necessarily losing flexibility. This phrase essentially means a developer only needs to specify unconventional aspects of the application.  When the convention implemented by tools matches the desired behavior, it behaves as expected without having to write  configuration files. Only when the desired behavior deviates from implemented convention is explicit configuration required .

Maven is based around the central concept of  a build lifecycle. What this means is that the process for building and distributing a particular artifact is clearly defined. There are three built-in build lifecycles:-  Default life cycle: default lifecycle handles your project deployment Clean life ,cycle: handles project cleaning , while clean the site lifecycle handles the creation of your project’s site documentation

BUILD PROFILE

            A build profile is set of configuration values, which can be used to set or override values of maven build. Using a build profile, you can customize build for different environments such as Production v/s Development environments.

            Profile are specified in pom.xml file using its activeProfiles/profiles elements and are triggered in variety ways. Profiles modify the POM at build time, and are used to give parameters different target environments

MAVEN BUILD GOAL

When we run phase- all goals bound to this phase are executed I order. Here are some of the phase and default goals bound to them

·        Compiler:compile – the compile goal from the compiler plugin is bound to compiler phase

·        Surefire:testCompile is bound to the test compile phase

·        Jar:jar and war:war is bound to package phase

Dependency management allow to define artifacts version in order to resolve transitive dependencies when no version is defined. Managing dependencies is a difficult task once we’ve to deal with multi-module projects. Maven provides a high degree of control to manage such scenario. Usually we have a set of projects under a common projects . In such a case we can create a common pom having all the common dependencies and then make this pom

·        The IOT

·        Artificial intelligent

·        Type script

·        Kotlin

·        Java9